Violation code393.81

§393.81

Horn

49 CFR §393.81

At a glance

Severity
1
OOS eligible
No
BASIC category
Vehicle Maintenance
Typical fine
$100–$300

Every CMV must be equipped with a horn that meets SAE J377 or equivalent. Severity weight 1 in the Vehicle Maintenance BASIC, but a fast pre-trip check that is often missed.

§393.81 requires every CMV to be equipped with a horn that meets the requirements of SAE J377 (Performance of Vehicle Traffic Horns). In practice, that means a single, audible horn — the inspector tests it from outside the vehicle.

Severity weight

Severity weight 1 in the Vehicle Maintenance BASIC. The finding is common because the test is trivial — an inspector who reaches the cab will press the horn, and a non-functioning horn is a guaranteed cite.

How it gets cited

Three patterns drive most §393.81 findings: (1) a corroded ground connection at the horn relay or horn itself, (2) a blown horn fuse from a stuck horn ring, (3) a damaged steering wheel after a column repair that left the horn circuit disconnected. None of these signal poor maintenance; all of them produce the same cite.

How to prevent it

  • Test the horn during every pre-trip — it takes one second.
  • If the horn weakens or sounds different, replace before the next trip; failing horns rarely recover.
  • After any steering-column or airbag work, verify the horn ring before the vehicle returns to service.

How Roadworthy HQ helps

DVIR pre-trip checklists in Roadworthy HQ include the horn test, and any defect entered on the DVIR follows the §396.11(c) repair-or-no-defect workflow so a §393.81 finding cannot be "fixed by ignoring it" between inspections.

Related violations

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Not legal advice · CFR is the authoritative source · SMS Appendix A publishes current severity weights