Violation code391.11(b)

§391.11(b)

Driver lacking valid CDL

49 CFR §391.11(b)

At a glance

Severity
8
OOS eligible
Yes
BASIC category
Driver Fitness
Typical fine
$1,000–$2,750 (driver) and up to $11,000 (carrier)

Drivers operating a CMV requiring a CDL must hold a valid CDL of the appropriate class with applicable endorsements. A driver-assigned violation under the Driver Fitness BASIC.

Section 391.11(b) sets the qualifications for CMV drivers, including holding a valid CDL of the appropriate class for the vehicle operated. Operating without a valid CDL — expired, suspended, revoked, wrong class, or missing required endorsement — is one of the most serious driver violations.

OOS criteria

A driver operating a CMV without a valid CDL of the appropriate class is placed out of service immediately. The carrier may also receive a §391.11 violation if it allowed the driver to dispatch.

Severity weight

This is severity weight 8 in the Driver Fitness BASIC and one of the highest-impact carrier-side findings.

How to prevent it

  • Verify the CDL on hire, retain a copy, and verify it again on each annual MVR pull.
  • Track CDL expiration explicitly — this is the leading cause of §391.11(b) violations.
  • After every Clearinghouse query showing a violation, run an MVR to confirm CDL status.
  • Endorsements (HazMat, Tanker, Doubles/Triples, Passenger) are class-specific — match the endorsement to the operation.

How Roadworthy HQ helps

CDL expiration is tracked at the driver record with an alert at 60 days, 30 days, and overdue. CDL copies are stored with retention enforced. The DQF view explicitly shows CDL status and the next renewal date.

Related violations

Roadworthy HQ

Track this and 800 other violations automatically.

Roadside findings link to the driver and vehicle, with corrective action documented and surfaced in the audit binder.

Not legal advice · CFR is the authoritative source · SMS Appendix A publishes current severity weights