Violation code396.3

§396.3

Inadequate inspection, repair, and maintenance

49 CFR §396.3

At a glance

Severity
1
OOS eligible
No
BASIC category
Vehicle Maintenance
Typical fine
$200–$2,000

Every motor carrier must systematically inspect, repair, and maintain all motor vehicles under its control. A common Vehicle Maintenance BASIC finding for carriers without a documented maintenance program.

Section 396.3 requires every motor carrier to systematically inspect, repair, and maintain — or cause to be inspected, repaired, and maintained — every motor vehicle subject to its control. This is the umbrella maintenance regulation under which most vehicle program findings are cited.

What §396.3 requires

  • A maintenance program — written or de facto, but documented in some form.
  • Records of inspections, repairs, and maintenance for each vehicle, retained for at least 12 months while the vehicle is in service plus 6 months after disposal.
  • Components and accessories functioning safely at all times.

Why this matters at audit

The single most common new-entrant audit failure related to vehicles is "no documented maintenance program." Receipts in a shoebox are not a program. A spreadsheet that ends in 2024 is not a current program. The auditor looks for a system, however small, that produces consistent records.

How to prevent it

  • Maintain a vehicle file for each truck and trailer with: annual inspection report, periodic inspections, and a chronological log of maintenance events.
  • For each maintenance event, retain: date, mileage, work performed, parts used (where applicable), and the receipt or shop work order.
  • For owner-operators: even a simple Notion page or Google Sheet works, as long as it's consistent and current.

How Roadworthy HQ helps

Roadworthy HQ provides per-vehicle maintenance logs with receipt uploads, periodic inspection tracking, and the §396.17 annual inspection workflow. Retention is enforced — records persist for the §396.3(c) minimum and beyond.

Related violations

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Roadside findings link to the driver and vehicle, with corrective action documented and surfaced in the audit binder.

Not legal advice · CFR is the authoritative source · SMS Appendix A publishes current severity weights